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Introduction
The Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, is a prestigious recognition conferred upon individuals who have made exceptional contributions to the nation. The award was established in 1954 and has been presented to a diverse group of recipients from various fields including politics, arts, literature, science, and social work. In this article, we will explore the history of the Bharat Ratna, the selection process, notable recipients, and frequently asked questions about this esteemed honor.
History of Bharat Ratna
The Bharat Ratna was instituted on January 2, 1954, by the President of India under the guidance of the first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. Initially, the award was only conferred on Indians but the eligibility criteria were later revised to include non-citizens as well, such as Mother Teresa and Nelson Mandela.
The literal translation of Bharat Ratna is “Jewel of India,” reflecting the significance and value attached to the award. Over the years, the Bharat Ratna has come to symbolize the highest level of national recognition and is a mark of exceptional service to the country.
Selection Process
The selection process for the Bharat Ratna is overseen by the Prime Minister of India and a committee of experts from various fields. Recommendations for the award can be made by state governments, union territories, government ministries, and individuals. The final decision is made by the President of India.
Notable Bharat Ratna Recipients
- Dr. B. R. Ambedkar – Known as the principal architect of the Indian Constitution.
- Madame Marie Curie – The first non-Indian recipient of the award, a renowned scientist.
- Pandit Ravi Shankar – A legendary sitar maestro who popularized Indian classical music worldwide.
- Lata Mangeshkar – The Nightingale of India, a legendary playback singer.
- Atal Bihari Vajpayee – Former Prime Minister known for his powerful oratory skills and leadership.
- Sachin Tendulkar – Renowned cricketer with numerous records to his name.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- Who can be awarded the Bharat Ratna?
- The Bharat Ratna can be awarded to any person, irrespective of caste, occupation, position, or sex.
- Are posthumous awards of Bharat Ratna allowed?
- Yes, posthumous awards of the Bharat Ratna are allowed.
- How many people can receive the Bharat Ratna in a year?
- The Bharat Ratna is limited to a maximum of three recipients in a year.
- Is there a monetary grant associated with the award?
- Recipients of the Bharat Ratna receive a Sanad (certificate) and a medallion but no monetary grant.
- Can a non-Indian citizen receive the Bharat Ratna?
- Yes, the Bharat Ratna can be awarded to non-Indians as well for their exceptional service to India.
- Can a Bharat Ratna awardee subsequently be revoked of the honor?
- No, the Bharat Ratna is not revocable.
- How can one nominate someone for the Bharat Ratna?
- Nominations for the Bharat Ratna can be made to the Prime Minister’s Office through the prescribed format.
- Has anyone refused the Bharat Ratna?
- Yes, renowned Gandhian and freedom fighter, Vinoba Bhave, declined the award in 1983.
- What is the significance of the Bharat Ratna for Indians?
- The Bharat Ratna is considered the highest honor that can be conferred upon an individual in India for their outstanding contributions.
- What is the process for the formal investiture ceremony of the Bharat Ratna?
- The President of India presents the Bharat Ratna to the awardees in a formal ceremony at the Rashtrapati Bhavan.
Conclusion
The Bharat Ratna stands as a symbol of excellence, service, and dedication to the nation. Over the years, it has been bestowed upon individuals whose contributions have left an indelible mark on Indian society. As we celebrate the achievements of past recipients, we look forward to honoring more exceptional individuals with this prestigious award in the years to come. For more detailed information on Bharat Ratna winners, the official government website can be referenced for a comprehensive list of awardees.